Advanced terms
DOM Clobbering
7
Attack where injected HTML elements with controlled `id` or `name` attributes overwrite JavaScript globals or document properties, weaponising script-less HTML injection into code execution.
CWE-79 OWASP A3:2021
5mo ago
Security advanced
6.5
Diffusion Models
1
A class of generative models that learn to reverse a gradual noising process — starting from pure noise and iteratively denoising into coherent images, audio or video; the core technique behind Stable Diffusion, Midjourney and DALL·E 3.
5mo ago
AI / ML advanced
Dijkstra's Shortest Path Algorithm
PHP 5.3+
1
A greedy graph algorithm that finds the shortest path from a source node to all other nodes in a weighted graph with non-negative edge weights.
6mo ago
Algorithms advanced
DNF Types (PHP 8.2)
PHP 8.2+
PHP 8.2 DNF (Disjunctive Normal Form) types allow unions of intersections — (Countable&Iterator)|null — combining PHP 8.1 intersection types with union types.
6mo ago
PHP advanced
Double URL Encoding Bypass
PHP 4.0+
Filters operating on URL-decoded input miss double-encoded payloads — %2527 decodes to %27 which decodes to ' — always decode completely before filtering.
6mo ago
Security advanced
Data Mesh Architecture
Decentralised data architecture where domain teams own and publish their data as products — replacing centralised data lakes that create engineering bottlenecks.
6mo ago
Architecture advanced
Dependency Confusion Attack
PHP 5.0+
An attacker publishes a public package with the same name as a private internal package — package managers may fetch the malicious public version instead of the private one.
6mo ago
Security advanced
Deserialization Gadget Chains
PHP 5.0+
PHP object injection exploits that chain existing class methods (__wakeup, __destruct, __toString) to achieve remote code execution when unserialize() processes attacker-controlled data.
6mo ago
Security advanced
Disjoint Set / Union-Find
A data structure tracking which elements belong to the same group — supporting near-O(1) union and find operations. Used for network connectivity, Kruskal's MST, and cycle detection.
6mo ago
Data Structures advanced
Domain Model Pattern
2
An object model of the domain that incorporates both behaviour and data — entities with methods expressing domain operations rather than just data containers.
6mo ago
Code Quality advanced
Data Mapper vs Active Record
1
Two ORM patterns: Active Record bakes persistence into the domain object itself; Data Mapper separates the domain object from its persistence mechanism.
6mo ago
Architecture advanced
Database Connection Pool Sizing
PHP 5.0+
2
The optimal pool size is smaller than you think — follow the formula (cores × 2) + effective_spindle_count rather than matching thread count.
6mo ago
Performance advanced
Database Deadlocks
PHP 5.0+
4
A situation where two or more transactions hold locks the other needs, each waiting indefinitely — resolved by the database killing one transaction.
6mo ago
Database advanced
Database Partitioning
PHP 5.0+
1
Splitting a large table into physical segments by range, list, or hash — enabling partition pruning, faster archival, and parallel scans.
6mo ago
Performance advanced
Database Sharding
PHP 5.0+ Horizontally partitioning data across multiple database instances by a shard key, scaling write throughput beyond a single server's limits.
6mo ago
Performance advanced
DDD Aggregates & Aggregate Roots
2
A cluster of domain objects treated as a single unit with one root entity controlling access and enforcing invariants across the cluster.
6mo ago
Architecture advanced
DDD Domain Services
Domain logic that doesn't naturally belong to any single entity or value object — cross-entity operations modelled as stateless service classes.
6mo ago
Architecture advanced
DDD Repositories vs Active Record
Repository pattern separates persistence from domain logic — the opposite of Active Record where the model knows how to save itself.
6mo ago
Architecture advanced
Deadlock, Livelock & Starvation
1
Deadlock: processes wait for each other indefinitely. Livelock: processes keep changing state but make no progress. Starvation: a process is perpetually denied resources.
6mo ago
Concurrency advanced
Design by Contract
Methods define formal preconditions (what callers must guarantee), postconditions (what the method guarantees), and invariants (what's always true).
6mo ago
Code Quality advanced