Advanced terms
SHACL Shape Validation
W3C standard for validating RDF graphs against shape constraints that declare which nodes must exist, what properties they need, and what values are allowed.
2mo ago
Knowledge Engineering advanced
Suffix Array
PHP 7.0+ A sorted array of all suffix starting positions of a string, enabling fast substring search in O(m log n) with far less memory than a suffix tree.
4mo ago
Algorithms advanced
Structured Concurrency
PHP 8.1+
A model where child tasks live inside a parent scope that waits for all of them to finish before it exits, so no task is ever orphaned.
4mo ago
Concurrency advanced
Symbol Table Resolution
PHP 5.3+
The compiler phase that maps identifiers (variables, functions, classes) to their declarations, scopes, and types during semantic analysis.
4mo ago
Compiler advanced
Search Relevance Tuning
PHP 7.4+
Adjusting query-time ranking — field weights, boosts, and scoring functions — so the most useful documents rank highest for real queries.
4mo ago
Search advanced
SELECT FOR UPDATE
A locking read that acquires exclusive row locks — preventing other transactions from modifying selected rows until commit.
6mo ago
Database advanced
Saga Pattern
1
The Saga pattern manages distributed transactions across services using a sequence of local transactions — each step publishes an event, and compensating transactions undo completed steps on failure.
6mo ago
Messaging advanced
Scheduler API (scheduler.postTask)
ES2021
The Scheduler API (scheduler.postTask) lets you prioritise async tasks — user-blocking, user-visible, or background — giving the browser hints to schedule work optimally.
6mo ago
JavaScript advanced
Socket Programming with PHP
PHP 5.0+
1
PHP supports raw socket programming via the Sockets extension (socket_create) and stream sockets (stream_socket_client) — used for custom protocols, WebSocket servers, and network tools.
6mo ago
PHP advanced
Streams API — ReadableStream & WritableStream
HTML5
4
The Streams API provides composable, backpressure-aware data pipelines in the browser — processing large responses, files, or media chunk by chunk without buffering everything in memory.
6mo ago
JavaScript advanced
Swoole & Async PHP
PHP 7.4+
Swoole is a PHP extension providing a coroutine-based async runtime — enabling non-blocking I/O, connection pools, and WebSocket servers without Node.js or external message brokers.
6mo ago
Concurrency advanced
Stream Filter Injection via php:// wrapper
PHP 5.0+
PHP stream wrappers (php://filter, php://input) combined with user-controlled filenames enable LFI-to-RCE escalation — never allow user input in file paths.
6mo ago
Security advanced
Search Relevance — TF-IDF & BM25
2
Ranking algorithms that score documents by how relevant they are to a query — TF-IDF and BM25 balance term frequency against document length to surface the best matches.
6mo ago
Search advanced
Secret Sharing — Shamir's Scheme
Splitting a secret into N shares where any K can reconstruct it — preventing single points of failure for root encryption keys and disaster recovery credentials.
6mo ago
Cryptography advanced
Segment Trees
A tree data structure for O(log n) range queries and point updates — supporting sum, min, max over arbitrary array ranges.
6mo ago
Data Structures advanced
Service Mesh
Infrastructure layer handling service-to-service communication — mutual TLS, observability, retries, circuit breaking, and traffic shaping without application code changes.
6mo ago
Architecture advanced
Shared Kernel
A DDD strategic pattern where two bounded contexts intentionally share a small subset of the domain model — requiring tight coordination between teams but reducing duplication.
6mo ago
Architecture advanced
Sidecar Pattern
Deploying a helper container alongside the main application container in the same pod — extending functionality (logging, proxying, TLS) without modifying the application.
6mo ago
Architecture advanced
Skip Lists
4
A probabilistic data structure providing O(log n) search, insert, and delete — used internally in Redis sorted sets for ZADD/ZRANGE operations.
6mo ago
Data Structures advanced
Sparse Matrix Representations
COO, CSR, and DOK formats efficiently store matrices where most values are zero — avoiding storing terabytes of zeros for recommendation systems and graphs.
6mo ago
Data Structures advanced