Intermediate terms
Null Safety — Null Object vs Optional
PHP 7.1+
Strategies for eliminating null reference errors: the Null Object Pattern provides a safe default; Optional-style wrapping makes nullability explicit.
6mo ago
Code Quality intermediate
Nullsafe Operator Chaining (?->)
PHP 8.0+
PHP 8.0's ?-> short-circuits an entire method chain to null when any step returns null — eliminating nested null checks.
6mo ago
PHP intermediate
N+1 Query Problem
PHP 5.0+
1
Executing one query to get N records, then N more queries to fetch related data — one per record.
7mo ago
Performance intermediate