Intermediate terms
Stemming & Lemmatization
Index-time text normalisation that reduces inflected words to a common form so 'running', 'ran', and 'runs' all match the query 'run'.
2mo ago
Search intermediate
Slot Filling
1
Extracting values for a predefined set of structured fields (slots) from unstructured text or dialogue turns.
2mo ago
Knowledge Engineering intermediate
SPARQL Query Basics
The W3C standard query language for retrieving and manipulating RDF triple data stored in graph databases and triple stores.
3mo ago
Knowledge Engineering intermediate
Search Query Expansion
PHP 7.4+
Augmenting a user's query at search time with synonyms, related terms, and semantic variants so short or ambiguous input still matches relevant documents.
3mo ago
Search intermediate
Schema Mapping and Alignment
2
The process of reconciling field names, types, and hierarchies between a source and target data model so data can flow correctly across systems.
3mo ago
Knowledge Engineering intermediate
Semantic Similarity Matching
9
Finding texts that mean the same thing by comparing vector embeddings with distance metrics rather than matching exact keywords.
3mo ago
Knowledge Engineering intermediate
stat() System Call
The stat family of syscalls retrieves file metadata — size, permissions, timestamps, owner, inode — without reading the file's contents.
3mo ago
Linux intermediate
Search Query Parsing
PHP 8.0+
Transforming raw user search input into structured components - tokens, fields, operators, and phrases - before query execution.
4mo ago
Search intermediate
Server-Side Includes (SSI) Injection
Attacker-controlled SSI directives (`<!--#exec ... -->`) injected into pages parsed by Apache or another SSI-enabled server, achieving file disclosure or remote command execution.
CWE-97 OWASP A3:2021
5mo ago
Security intermediate
9.8
Shadow DOM
A browser feature that attaches a scoped, encapsulated DOM subtree to an element — styles and IDs inside the shadow tree do not leak in or out, enabling true component isolation on the web.
5mo ago
Frontend intermediate
Software Composition Analysis (SCA)
The practice and tooling for identifying all open-source and third-party components in a codebase, detecting known vulnerabilities (CVEs) in them, and flagging licence risks — distinct from static analysis of your own code.
5mo ago
Security intermediate
Script Loading (defer, async, type=module)
How and when browser downloads and executes JavaScript — defer, async, and type=module control whether scripts block HTML parsing and in what order they run.
6mo ago
Frontend intermediate
Structured Data — JSON-LD
Machine-readable schema markup embedded in a <script type='application/ld+json'> block, enabling Google rich results — star ratings, FAQs, breadcrumbs, events, and recipes in search.
6mo ago
Frontend intermediate
Soft Delete Pattern
Marking records as deleted with a deleted_at timestamp instead of physically removing them — preserving data for auditing and recovery.
6mo ago
Database intermediate
SQL Window Functions
Window functions (ROW_NUMBER, RANK, LAG, LEAD, SUM OVER) perform calculations across a set of rows related to the current row without collapsing them into a single aggregate — enabling rankings, running totals, and comparisons within result sets.
6mo ago
Database intermediate
Structured Logging
PHP 8.0+
4
Emitting log entries as machine-parseable key-value pairs (JSON) rather than free-form strings — enabling filtering, aggregation, and alerting.
6mo ago
Observability intermediate
Safe Mode — What It Was & Why It Failed
PHP 3.0+
PHP's safe_mode (PHP 3–5.3) attempted to restrict multi-user PHP hosting at the language level — it was removed in PHP 5.4 after being proven ineffective and breaking legitimate code.
6mo ago
PHP intermediate
Semantic Search
Search that matches by meaning and intent rather than exact keywords — a query for 'how to prevent database attacks' finds SQL injection documentation even if those exact words never appear.
6mo ago
AI / ML intermediate
Semaphore
5
A semaphore is a generalised mutex that allows N concurrent accesses — a counting semaphore with value N lets N threads proceed, blocking the (N+1)th.
6mo ago
Concurrency intermediate
Service Discovery Patterns
The mechanism by which services in a distributed system locate each other's network addresses — eliminating hardcoded IPs by maintaining a registry that services register with and query at runtime.
6mo ago
Architecture intermediate