Advanced terms
AI Model Quantization
Compressing neural network weights and activations to lower-precision formats (int8, int4, fp8) to shrink memory and accelerate inference.
3w ago
ai_ml advanced
AI Alignment
2
The research and engineering discipline of ensuring AI systems pursue goals that are consistent with human values, intentions, and safety — not just stated objectives.
2mo ago
ai_ml advanced
AI Context Poisoning
1
An adversarial technique where malicious instructions are injected into an LLM's context window — via user input, retrieved documents, or tool results — to hijack the model's behaviour.
2mo ago
ai_ml advanced
AI Governance
7
The policies, processes, and organisational structures that ensure AI systems are developed, deployed, and monitored responsibly — covering accountability, fairness, transparency, and compliance.
2mo ago
ai_ml advanced
A* Pathfinding Algorithm
Heuristic search algorithm that finds the lowest-cost path using f(n)=g(n)+h(n), widely used in maps and game AI.
2mo ago
algorithms advanced
Abstract readonly Properties
PHP 8.4+
PHP 8.4 allows abstract readonly properties in abstract classes and interfaces — defining that implementations must provide a readonly property of a specific type.
2mo ago
php advanced
Actor Model
The Actor Model treats everything as an actor — isolated units that communicate only by message passing, never sharing state — eliminating race conditions by design.
2mo ago
concurrency advanced
AI Agent Pattern
1
An LLM-powered system that takes multi-step actions autonomously — calling tools, reading results, and deciding next steps in a loop until a goal is achieved.
2mo ago
ai_ml advanced
Apache Kafka Fundamentals
PHP 7.0+
A distributed event streaming platform that stores messages as an immutable ordered log partitioned across a cluster — optimised for high-throughput, durable, replayable event streams rather than traditional task queues.
2mo ago
messaging advanced
Aggregate Design Heuristics
PHP 7.0+ Rules for sizing aggregates correctly — small aggregates with single-entity transactions, referencing other aggregates by ID, and designing boundaries around invariants not convenience.
3mo ago
architecture advanced
AI Evaluation Metrics
4
Quantitative measures for assessing LLM output quality — BLEU, ROUGE, perplexity for text generation; precision, recall, F1 for classification; human evaluation for open-ended tasks.
3mo ago
ai_ml advanced
AI Function Calling & Tool Use
PHP 8.0+
LLMs requesting execution of application-defined functions — the model returns structured arguments; the application controls execution and must validate inputs.
3mo ago
ai_ml advanced
Amortized Analysis
Averaging the cost of an operation over a sequence — explaining why dynamic array append is O(1) amortised despite occasional O(n) resizes.
3mo ago
algorithms advanced
API Abuse Prevention
PHP 5.0+ Techniques to detect and block bots, scrapers, credential stuffing, and automated abuse — beyond basic rate limiting to behavioural and intelligence-based controls.
3mo ago
security advanced
API Composition Pattern
An API layer aggregates parallel service calls into a single client response — reducing N round trips to 1 and improving perceived latency.
3mo ago
architecture advanced
API Contract Testing
1
Consumer-driven contract tests verify that a provider API matches what consumers expect — catching breaking changes before deployment, without end-to-end tests.
3mo ago
api_design advanced
ABC Metric (Assignments, Branches, Conditions)
PHP 5.0+
2
Code complexity metric using vector magnitude of assignments, branches, and conditions — more expressive than line count.
3mo ago
quality advanced
Abstract Syntax Tree (AST)
PHP 7.0+
10
Tree representation of code structure used by compilers and tools to analyse and transform programs.
3mo ago
compiler advanced
AI Agents & Tool Use
2
AI agents combine LLMs with tools (functions, APIs, code execution) to autonomously complete multi-step tasks — moving from single-shot Q&A to goal-directed action.
3mo ago
ai_ml advanced
AI Security
2
Security risks specific to AI systems — prompt injection, training data poisoning, model extraction, and insecure output handling that differ from traditional application security.
3mo ago
ai_ml advanced