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DOM Clobbering
Attack where injected HTML elements with controlled `id` or `name` attributes overwrite JavaScript globals or document properties, weaponising script-less HTML injection into code execution.
CWE-79 OWASP A3:2021
1mo ago security advanced 6.5
Diffusion Models
A class of generative models that learn to reverse a gradual noising process — starting from pure noise and iteratively denoising into coherent images, audio or video; the core technique behind Stable Diffusion, Midjourney and DALL·E 3.
2mo ago ai_ml advanced
Diagram: Dijkstra's Shortest Path Algorithm Dijkstra's Shortest Path Algorithm PHP 5.3+
A greedy graph algorithm that finds the shortest path from a source node to all other nodes in a weighted graph with non-negative edge weights.
2mo ago algorithms advanced
DNF Types (PHP 8.2) PHP 8.2+
PHP 8.2 DNF (Disjunctive Normal Form) types allow unions of intersections — (Countable&Iterator)|null — combining PHP 8.1 intersection types with union types.
2mo ago php advanced
Double URL Encoding Bypass PHP 4.0+
Filters operating on URL-decoded input miss double-encoded payloads — %2527 decodes to %27 which decodes to ' — always decode completely before filtering.
2mo ago security advanced
Data Mesh Architecture
Decentralised data architecture where domain teams own and publish their data as products — replacing centralised data lakes that create engineering bottlenecks.
3mo ago architecture advanced
Dependency Confusion Attack PHP 5.0+
An attacker publishes a public package with the same name as a private internal package — package managers may fetch the malicious public version instead of the private one.
3mo ago security advanced
Deserialization Gadget Chains PHP 5.0+
PHP object injection exploits that chain existing class methods (__wakeup, __destruct, __toString) to achieve remote code execution when unserialize() processes attacker-controlled data.
3mo ago security advanced
Disjoint Set / Union-Find
A data structure tracking which elements belong to the same group — supporting near-O(1) union and find operations. Used for network connectivity, Kruskal's MST, and cycle detection.
3mo ago data_structures advanced
Domain Model Pattern
An object model of the domain that incorporates both behaviour and data — entities with methods expressing domain operations rather than just data containers.
3mo ago quality advanced
Diagram: Data Mapper vs Active Record Data Mapper vs Active Record
Two ORM patterns: Active Record bakes persistence into the domain object itself; Data Mapper separates the domain object from its persistence mechanism.
3mo ago architecture advanced
Diagram: Database Connection Pool Sizing Database Connection Pool Sizing PHP 5.0+
The optimal pool size is smaller than you think — follow the formula (cores × 2) + effective_spindle_count rather than matching thread count.
3mo ago performance advanced
Diagram: Database Deadlocks Database Deadlocks PHP 5.0+
A situation where two or more transactions hold locks the other needs, each waiting indefinitely — resolved by the database killing one transaction.
3mo ago database advanced
Diagram: Database Partitioning Database Partitioning PHP 5.0+
Splitting a large table into physical segments by range, list, or hash — enabling partition pruning, faster archival, and parallel scans.
3mo ago performance advanced
Diagram: Database Sharding Database Sharding PHP 5.0+
Horizontally partitioning data across multiple database instances by a shard key, scaling write throughput beyond a single server's limits.
3mo ago performance advanced
Diagram: DDD Aggregates & Aggregate Roots DDD Aggregates & Aggregate Roots
A cluster of domain objects treated as a single unit with one root entity controlling access and enforcing invariants across the cluster.
3mo ago architecture advanced
Diagram: DDD Domain Services DDD Domain Services
Domain logic that doesn't naturally belong to any single entity or value object — cross-entity operations modelled as stateless service classes.
3mo ago architecture advanced
Diagram: DDD Repositories vs Active Record DDD Repositories vs Active Record
Repository pattern separates persistence from domain logic — the opposite of Active Record where the model knows how to save itself.
3mo ago architecture advanced
Diagram: Deadlock, Livelock & Starvation Deadlock, Livelock & Starvation
Deadlock: processes wait for each other indefinitely. Livelock: processes keep changing state but make no progress. Starvation: a process is perpetually denied resources.
3mo ago concurrency advanced
Design by Contract
Methods define formal preconditions (what callers must guarantee), postconditions (what the method guarantees), and invariants (what's always true).
3mo ago quality advanced
✓ schema.org compliant