Tag: linux
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Most referenced — #linux
Systemd Services & Unit Files 3Linux Performance Tools 3Linux Processes 2eBPF — Kernel-Level Observability 2Linux Memory Management 2Linux File System Hierarchy 2Linux Log Files 2SSH Keys 2
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Linux File Permissions
Read, write, and execute permissions assigned to owner, group, and others — the foundation of Linux access control for web application files.
CWE-732 OWASP A5:2021
1mo ago
linux beginner
7.5
Memory-Mapped Files
A file mapped directly into a process's virtual address space — reads and writes go through the OS page cache rather than read()/write() syscalls, enabling fast access to large files and shared memory between processes.
1mo ago
linux advanced
File Permissions PHP 4.0+
Unix permission bits (owner/group/world read-write-execute) that control which processes can read, write, or execute files — misconfigured permissions are a common PHP deployment and security issue.
2mo ago
php beginner
eBPF — Kernel-Level Observability
Extended Berkeley Packet Filter — a technology for running sandboxed programs in the Linux kernel to trace system calls, network traffic, and performance metrics without modifying applications.
2mo ago
devops advanced
Environment Variables PHP 5.0+
Key-value pairs inherited by child processes — the standard way to pass configuration, credentials, and runtime settings to PHP applications without hardcoding.
2mo ago
linux intermediate
File Descriptors & ulimit PHP 5.0+
File descriptors are integer handles for open files, sockets, and pipes — each process has a limit (ulimit -n), and exhausting them causes 'too many open files' errors.
2mo ago
linux intermediate
Linux Log Files
Log locations, rotation, and analysis tools on Linux — /var/log/ structure, journald, logrotate, and essential log analysis commands.
2mo ago
linux intermediate
Linux Memory Management
How Linux allocates RAM — virtual memory, the page cache, swap, and the OOM killer — and what PHP developers need to know when PHP processes run out of memory.
2mo ago
linux intermediate
Linux Networking Tools PHP 5.0+
Essential tools for diagnosing network issues on Linux servers — ss, netstat, curl, dig, tcpdump, and ping each reveal different layers of connectivity problems.
2mo ago
linux intermediate
Linux Package Managers
apt (Debian/Ubuntu), yum/dnf (RHEL/CentOS/Fedora), apk (Alpine) — tools for installing, updating, and managing system software packages and their dependencies.
2mo ago
linux beginner
Linux Performance Tools
Essential tools for diagnosing CPU, memory, IO, and network performance on Linux — top, htop, vmstat, iostat, perf, strace, and ltrace.
2mo ago
linux intermediate
Linux User & Group Management
Managing users and groups on Linux servers — useradd, usermod, passwd, groups — and best practices for PHP web server user isolation and privilege separation.
2mo ago
linux intermediate
Regex with grep, sed & awk
Three essential Linux text processing tools — grep for filtering lines, sed for stream editing, awk for field-based processing — all using regular expressions.
2mo ago
linux intermediate
Systemd Services & Unit Files
Systemd is the init system managing service lifecycle on modern Linux — unit files define how services start, stop, restart, and depend on each other.
2mo ago
linux intermediate
Bash Scripting bash4 Writing shell scripts in Bash to automate command-line tasks — from simple file operations to complex deployment pipelines.
2mo ago
linux intermediate
Cron Jobs PHP 5.0+ Scheduled tasks defined in a crontab file, executing commands at specified time intervals — from once a minute to once a year.
2mo ago
linux beginner
Linux File System Hierarchy
The standard directory structure of Linux — /etc for config, /var for variable data, /tmp for temporary files, /usr for user programs — knowing it prevents misplacing files.
2mo ago
linux beginner
Linux Processes PHP 5.0+
Every running program is a process with a PID, memory space, and file descriptors — ps, top, kill, and signals are the essential tools for managing them.
2mo ago
linux intermediate
Shell Pipes & Redirects
Pipes (|) connect stdout of one command to stdin of another; redirects (<, >, >>) send stdin/stdout to files — the foundation of composable Unix command-line workflows.
2mo ago
linux intermediate
SSH Keys
Asymmetric cryptographic key pairs used for passwordless SSH authentication — the public key is placed on servers, the private key never leaves your machine.
2mo ago
linux beginner