Tag: strings — Code Glossary

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Trie (Prefix Tree)

A tree where each node represents a character — paths from root to leaf spell out keys, enabling O(m) lookup, prefix search, and autocomplete where m is key length, independent of dataset size.

3mo ago Data Structures intermediate

mb_string — Multibyte String Functions PHP 4.0+ 🧠 2

PHP's native string functions operate on bytes, not characters. The mb_string extension provides mb_strlen(), mb_substr(), mb_strtolower() and 100+ equivalents that correctly handle multibyte encodings like UTF-8.

3mo ago PHP intermediate

sprintf() — Format Strings in PHP PHP 4.0+

sprintf() builds a string by substituting typed placeholders (%s, %d, %f, %05d) with values — safer and more expressive than string concatenation or interpolation for formatted output, especially for numbers, padding, and locale-independent formatting.

3mo ago PHP beginner

str_contains / str_starts_with / str_ends_with PHP 8.0+

PHP 8.0 added str_contains(), str_starts_with(), and str_ends_with() — replace strpos() !== false patterns with these readable alternatives.

3mo ago PHP beginner

Template Literals ES2015

Backtick strings with ${expression} interpolation — the JavaScript equivalent of PHP's double-quoted strings and heredoc.

3mo ago JavaScript beginner

Character Encoding PHP 5.0+ 🧠 2

How text is stored as bytes — ASCII (128 chars), Latin-1 (256 chars), UTF-8 (1-4 bytes, backwards compatible), and UTF-16 are the key encodings developers encounter.

3mo ago i18n intermediate

Regular Expressions in JavaScript ES2015

JS regex syntax, flags (g, i, m, s, u, d), methods (test, match, matchAll, replace, split), and the critical differences from PHP's PCRE.

3mo ago JavaScript intermediate

Tries (Prefix Trees) PHP 5.0+

A tree where each path from root to node spells a prefix — enabling O(m) insert, lookup, and prefix search where m is the string length, regardless of dictionary size.

3mo ago Data Structures advanced

Heredoc / Nowdoc PHP 5.0+

Heredoc (<<<EOT) and Nowdoc (<<<'EOT') provide multi-line string syntax; Nowdoc is the single-quoted equivalent with no variable interpolation.

3mo ago PHP beginner

Key String Functions (str_contains, str_starts_with, str_ends_with…) PHP 5.0+

PHP 8.0 introduced readable string helpers that replace strpos() !== false idioms for common substring checks.

3mo ago PHP beginner

Regex Syntax PHP 5.3+

Regular expression syntax — anchors, quantifiers, character classes, groups, and alternation — the building blocks for pattern matching in PHP and all languages.

3mo ago Regex intermediate

Sliding Window

An algorithmic technique that maintains a window of elements over a sequence, expanding or contracting it to find subarrays or substrings satisfying a condition in O(n).

3mo ago Algorithms intermediate

String Algorithms 🧠 3

Efficient string searching (KMP, Boyer-Moore, Rabin-Karp), edit distance (Levenshtein), and compression algorithms — foundational for search, diff tools, and bioinformatics.

3mo ago Algorithms advanced

String Interpolation & Heredoc/Nowdoc PHP 5.0+

PHP's double-quoted strings and heredoc syntax interpolate variables; nowdoc is the single-quoted equivalent — each with distinct escaping rules.

3mo ago PHP beginner