Tag: oop
Traits — Horizontal Reuse (PHP 5.4)
PHP 5.4+
PHP 5.4 traits enable horizontal code reuse — mixins for PHP classes that can't use multiple inheritance. Use sparingly; prefer composition over trait overuse.
2mo ago
php intermediate
Type Widening & Covariance/Contravariance
PHP 7.4+
PHP's rules for overriding method types in subclasses — return types are covariant (can narrow), parameter types are contravariant (can widen), enforced since PHP 7.4.
3mo ago
php advanced
TypeScript Decorators
4.0
1
Metadata annotations on classes, methods, and properties — used in NestJS, Angular, TypeORM, and class-validator to attach behaviour declaratively.
3mo ago
typescript advanced
Tell Don't Ask Principle
PHP 5.0+
Tell objects what to do rather than asking for their state and deciding externally — keep behaviour with the data it operates on.
3mo ago
quality intermediate
Template Method Pattern
Defines the skeleton of an algorithm in a base class, deferring specific steps to subclasses without changing the algorithm's structure.
3mo ago
quality intermediate
Temporary Field
A class field that is only set and used in certain circumstances — most of the time it is empty or null, confusing readers.
3mo ago
quality intermediate
this Binding in JavaScript
ES5
this is determined by how a function is called — call site, not definition site — with arrow functions as the exception (lexical this).
3mo ago
javascript intermediate
Traits
PHP 5.4+
1
Reusable code blocks that can be mixed into any class, providing horizontal code reuse without inheritance.
3mo ago
php intermediate