Terms starting with "P"
Provenance Tracking (PROV)
Recording the full derivation chain - inputs, agents, and activities - that produced a data item, using models like W3C PROV.
3w ago
Knowledge Engineering advanced
Python GIL & Free Threading
Python 3.13+
The GIL serializes Python bytecode across threads; PEP 703 free-threading (3.13+) removes it, enabling true parallelism.
2mo ago
Python advanced
PHP curl_multi
PHP 7.0+
4
curl_multi_* runs many HTTP requests in parallel from one PHP process, dramatically cutting total latency for I/O-bound work.
2mo ago
PHP advanced
Property Graph Model
A graph data model where nodes and edges carry labels and key-value properties, enabling typed multi-hop traversals without joins.
2mo ago
Knowledge Engineering intermediate
Python functools Module
Python 3.2+
The functools module provides higher-order tools like wraps, partial, lru_cache, reduce, and singledispatch for building and reusing function logic.
3mo ago
Python intermediate
Python Descriptor Protocol
Python 3.6+
Objects implementing __get__/__set__/__delete__ that intercept attribute access at the class level — the machinery behind property, classmethod, and ORM fields.
4mo ago
Python advanced
Prompt Caching
API feature where a static prompt prefix (system instructions, large context) is cached server-side, dramatically reducing cost and latency on repeated calls that share the prefix.
5mo ago
AI / ML intermediate
PDO Error Handling
PHP 5.1+
PDO has three error modes — silent, warning, and exception — controlling how database errors surface.
6mo ago
PHP beginner
PDO Fetch Modes
PHP 5.1+
Constants controlling how PDO returns rows — as arrays, objects, or custom classes.
6mo ago
PHP beginner
PDO lastInsertId()
PHP 5.1+
Returns the auto-increment ID generated by the most recent INSERT statement.
6mo ago
PHP beginner
PDO Named Placeholders
PHP 5.1+
Named parameters (:name) in prepared statements — more readable than positional ? placeholders for queries with multiple parameters.
6mo ago
PHP beginner
PDO query() vs prepare()
PHP 5.1+
PDO query() executes raw SQL immediately — prepare() parameterises it. query() must never include user-controlled values.
CWE-89 OWASP A3:2021
6mo ago
PHP beginner
9.8
PDO Transactions
PHP 5.1+
4
PDO wraps multiple queries in an atomic unit — either all succeed or all roll back.
6mo ago
PHP intermediate
PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES
PHP 5.1+
Controls whether PDO sends real prepared statements to the database or emulates them client-side in PHP.
CWE-89 OWASP A3:2021
6mo ago
PHP intermediate
PDOStatement::bindParam() vs bindValue()
PHP 5.1+
Two PDO methods for binding variables to placeholders — bindParam() binds by reference (evaluated at execute), bindValue() binds by value (evaluated immediately).
6mo ago
PHP intermediate
PDOStatement::rowCount()
PHP 5.1+
Returns the number of rows affected by the last DELETE, INSERT, or UPDATE — unreliable for SELECT.
6mo ago
PHP beginner
PHP Generators
PHP 5.5+
1
Functions using yield that produce values lazily — one at a time — instead of building a complete array in memory.
6mo ago
PHP intermediate
Prompt Injection Attack
5
An attack where crafted user input overrides or hijacks an LLM's system instructions, causing it to ignore its intended behaviour and follow attacker-supplied commands instead.
CWE-74 OWASP LLM01:2025
6mo ago
AI / ML advanced
PHP Fibers — Internals & Scheduler Patterns
PHP 8.1+
2
How PHP Fibers work under the hood — stack allocation, suspension mechanics, and how to build a cooperative multitasking scheduler on top of the Fiber API introduced in PHP 8.1.
6mo ago
PHP advanced
prefers-reduced-motion — Accessible Animations
A CSS media query and JavaScript API that detects when a user has requested reduced motion in their OS settings, allowing you to disable or simplify animations that can trigger vestibular disorders.
6mo ago
Accessibility beginner