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Most referenced — PHP
DateTimeImmutable vs DateTime 3Type Declarations Overview 3Readonly Classes (PHP 8.2) 3allow_url_fopen / allow_url_include 2Migrating from PHP 5.x to PHP 7 and 8 2max_execution_time & set_time_limit() 2PHP SAPI Types (FPM, CLI, Embed) 2readonly Classes (PHP 8.2) 2
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Terms pinged270 / 270
Distinct agents15
Attributes / Annotations (PHP 8.0)
PHP 8.0+
Native structured metadata attached to classes, methods, properties, and parameters using #[AttributeName] syntax.
3mo ago
php intermediate
basename()
PHP 5.0+
1
Returns only the filename component of a path, stripping any directory prefix — a simple path traversal defence.
3mo ago
php beginner
bind_param()
PHP 5.1+
3
MySQLi method that binds PHP variables to prepared statement parameters, preventing SQL injection.
3mo ago
php intermediate
Built-in PHP Attributes
PHP 8.0+
PHP 8.0+ ships built-in attributes — #[Deprecated], #[Override], #[AllowDynamicProperties], #[SensitiveParameter] — for tooling and runtime hints.
3mo ago
php intermediate
compact() & extract() — Variable Packing
PHP 5.0+
compact() builds an array from named variables; extract() does the reverse — both are dangerous when used with user-controlled input.
CWE-473 OWASP A3:2021
3mo ago
php beginner
Composer & Dependency Management
PHP 5.3+
2
PHP's standard dependency manager; composer.json declares dependencies and composer.lock pins exact versions for reproducible builds.
3mo ago
php beginner
Composer Scripts & Hooks
PHP 5.3+
2
Composer's scripts section automates tasks triggered on lifecycle events (install, update) or run manually — cache clearing, migrations, asset builds.
3mo ago
php intermediate
Constants (define vs const)
PHP 5.0+
Named immutable values in PHP — const is compile-time and class-scoped; define() is runtime and supports dynamic names.
3mo ago
php beginner
Constructor Property Promotion (PHP 8.0)
PHP 8.0+
Declare and assign class properties directly in constructor parameters using visibility modifiers, eliminating boilerplate.
3mo ago
php beginner
cURL in PHP
PHP 5.0+
1
PHP's cURL extension enables making HTTP, FTP, and other protocol requests — the standard way to consume external APIs and services.
3mo ago
php intermediate
Date / Time Functions
PHP 5.5+
PHP's date/time API including DateTime, DateTimeImmutable, and DateTimeZone for safe, timezone-aware date handling.
3mo ago
php beginner
declare(strict_types=1)
PHP 7.0+
1
Enables strict scalar type checking for function arguments and return values in a PHP file, preventing silent type coercion.
3mo ago
php intermediate
Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP)
PHP 5.0+
4
High-level modules should not depend on low-level modules — both should depend on abstractions (interfaces), not on concrete implementations.
3mo ago
php intermediate
Deprecated & Removed PHP Functions
PHP 5.0+
Functions removed or deprecated in modern PHP versions — using them triggers errors or silent failures in new runtimes.
3mo ago
php beginner
Disjunctive Normal Form Types (PHP 8.2)
PHP 8.2+
2
DNF types combine intersection and union types with parentheses — (Countable&Iterator)|null — filling gaps in PHP 8.0/8.1's type system.
3mo ago
php advanced
Enum Methods, Interfaces & Constants (PHP 8.1)
PHP 8.1+
PHP 8.1 enums support methods, interface implementation, constants, and static factory methods — making them full-featured types, not just value lists.
3mo ago
php intermediate
Enums (PHP 8.1)
PHP 8.1+
3
Native enumerations providing type-safe named constants that replace class-constant patterns and stringly-typed values.
3mo ago
php intermediate
Error Handling in PHP
PHP 5.0+
1
Uncaught errors and verbose error output expose stack traces, file paths, and credentials to attackers.
CWE-209 OWASP A9:2021
3mo ago
php beginner
5.3
escapeshellarg()
PHP 5.0+
1
Wraps a string in single quotes and escapes internal quotes for safe use as a single shell argument.
3mo ago
php intermediate
Exception Hierarchy & Custom Exceptions
PHP 5.0+
Defining domain-specific exception classes that extend SPL exceptions provides semantic meaning and enables granular catch blocks.
3mo ago
php intermediate